Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

What is type 2 diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes is a longstanding condition that develops when your body is unable to use the insulin it produces. Those who are overweight, do not exercise frequently, or have a family history are more prone to get it.

How it occurs?

Insulin resistance is the first sign of type 2 diabetes. This indicates that even if the pancreas is producing enough insulin, cells are unable to utilize the available glucose. Initially, the pancreas works harder to produce more insulin when cells don't receive the necessary glucose. But eventually, the pancreas stops producing enough insulin.

Risk factors:

  • Age of > 45 years
  • Family history of diabetes
  • Overweight
  • High blood pressure
  • Low HDL cholesterol and/or high triglycerides

Symptoms:

The majority have increased thirst, urination, weight loss, and blurred eyesight. Nearly 50% of patients may not exhibit any symptoms, particularly when detected early.

Diagnosis:

Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes will be made after proper examination, medical history, and blood sugar test results.

Treatment:

Maintaining blood sugar levels as close to normal as you can is essential for managing diabetes. It can be achieved by,

  • A healthy diet
  • The foods you eat, the quantities you eat, and the timing of your meals are all crucial.
  • Maintain a healthy level of physical activity by exercising frequently.
  • Follow your doctor's instructions before taking any prescribed medications.

Although it will take time, you will eventually develop the knowledge and abilities necessary to manage your diabetes.